Write a Brief Description of the Fiscal Policy of the United States.

2–3 paragraphs Details: During recent political campaigns, taxes and budget policy were key issues. White House budget packages are often designed to stimulate economic growth. From the library or from www. whitehouse. gov, obtain a current summary of government spending and tax legislation signed by the president. †¢Write a brief description of the fiscal policy of the United States. †¢Would you describe it as â€Å"expansionary† or â€Å"contractionary†? †¢How can American consumers influence decision makers on fiscal policies? Explain and discuss if and how this has changed over the past 5 years For the last several years, the U. S. government has been primarily in an expansionary mode of fiscal policy. President George W. Bush signed a $152 billion stimulus bill to help fight off a recession. This bill primarily resulted in the mailing of $600 rebate checks to millions of Americans to encourage consumer spending. In 2009, President Barack Obama signed the much larger American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, which provided tax cuts, loans and contracts, and new or expanded entitlements. The Congressional Budget Office estimated that the legislation would increase the U. S. budget deficit over a 10 year period by $787 billion. According to www. whitehouse. gov, this legislation created or maintained almost 700,000 jobs in the first quarter of 2010. The main way consumers influence fiscal policy is by their spending habits. When citizens become anxious about the economy, they tend to save more and spend less. This leads to decreased production, lay-offs, and unemployment, which in turn causes even lower spending rates. The Federal reserve usually tries to modulate the effects of these situations by manipulating key interest rates. For example, right now the federal funds rate is at a 60-year low, making borrowing for investments cheaper than it has been in memory. Until recently, consumer spending saw long-term increases due to the availability of personal credit, but since 2008, as consumer credit markets have tightened, it has dropped.

“A Flowering of faith: Christianity and Buddhism” Essay

There are many similarities in the teachings of Jesus and Buddha. Most are discussed specifically in their sermons. With Christianity the sermon was called â€Å"Sermon on the Mount†. Jesus went up a mountainside and spoke to his disciples and the crowds of people. It stated the right ways for us to approach God and to deal with other people. This was a collection of sayings, the Gospel of Matthew, stated by Jesus himself. This sermon, which is located in the New Testament, is the longest teaching from Jesus. With Buddhism, Gautama Buddha was known as their spiritual leader. He was said to have â€Å"attained Nirvana† or to have achieved a state where suffering is eliminated through the abandonment of desires. When stated the term, desires, meaning the cause of suffering. There were many ways to differentiate the two sermons, but their similarities were much more. When dealing with the religions, both had separate commandments to abide by. Buddha’s, â€Å"The Noble Eightfold Path†, gave the religion eight rights to remember. Two of the rights in example were â€Å"Right Speech, avoidance of untruth, slander and swearing†, and â€Å"Right Contemplation, of the truth†. In Christianity, â€Å"The Ten Commandments†, was a list of the different rights to acknowledge. In example â€Å"Thou shalt have no other gods before me† and â€Å"Thou shalt not steal†. In the Sermon of the mount, Jesus also stated what he considered the perfect prayer this was called â€Å"The Lord’s Prayer†. This was simply what you should quote if ever you prayed. In the Sermon at Benares, Buddha listed what was called â€Å"The Four Noble Truths†. These were known as the important principles in Buddhism. The four truths are best understood, not as beliefs, but as categories of experience. They more so discussed what we call cause and effect, i.e. the truth about stress is suffering. When dealing with their similarities the main thing they had in common was the enormous faith in them through their disciples. In conclusion, like Jesus, The Buddha set out to teach nothing but good to his people. They both spoke about helping the sick, wisdom, and faith. Their disciples acknowledged them for guidance in life. Although they were two completely different religions, as said before their similarities remained close.

Introduction Bert Coron

This is a research paper that analyzes the life and contributions of Bert Corona in his fight and life as a political activist. The research paper is to tackle keenly and step by step the life of this well composed man, a political activist, and above all a man who never at one point of his eighty-years never backed down, Corona acted as an eye-opener to many and has left a living legacy as an organizer of many workers unions in America. Introduction Bert Corona was born on the 29th day of May 1918 to Neo Corona his father and Margarita Escapite Salayandia his mother, his father was a commander in the Francisco villa during his birth.Berth during the whole of his life was recognized as American labor leaders and the civil rights activists. It is recorded that during his entire life his contributions were recognized in his work with very many major Latino organizations and as the founder of very many civil rights and labor organizations. In his career as he was reorganized as the old man and fought tirelessly for the rights of the immigrants. (http://findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_m1295/is_8_65/ai_76697709)Bert Corona enrolled in a school at an early age, he had a very good command of English Which gave him n upper hand above some of his classmates, while in school, his experience with racism started here, this is when some of his fellow students were punished inhumanly by washing their mouths with soaps for speaking their own languages, but because of his command in English he was spared. When his mother heard of this she publicly objected to such treatments and took him from that school to a boarding school in. (Garcio, 1994)His activist life started early in life and the first one took place when he was in the fifth grade at Harvard boys school, this was when their history teacher always gave poor and wrong ides against the Mexican student in the Harvard school. The students organized a strike which made the teacher to apologize (Garcio, 1994). Immediately C orona cleared his primary school Corona Joined El Pasio High school where he was playing basketball , after clearing his high school he was lucky to get an athletic Scholarship to the University of southern Carolina.Here he was lucky to get a full time employment because of His experience in the drug store back at home and also because of the nature of the scholarship which allowed him to work. At the university Corona studied commercial law and met different people which made him to spring to blossom. It is at the work place- Brunswick Pharmaceutical Company where he got the real taste of labor and had his first attempt to organize and train workers on their rights. (Rosales , 2000) Brunswick Pharmaceutical Company employees were mostly Mexican American immigrants.The workers had not known or joined any union and because of this faced a lot of frustrations as low wages, long hours of work, poor working conditions and racism. When Corona joined this company with his good command in English, experience in the field and his activism nature he realized these problems and when Longshoremen's Union decided to recruit workers supported the recruitment of over 2500 workers and the same year led them to a strike to demand wage payment increase.After the farm workers strike which was organized by the Longshoremen's Union and facilitated by him the Union asked him to support in the organizing of the warehouse workers of which they started with Brunswick Company. ((Garcio, 1983) When the Company management realized that Corona wanted to organize a Union of for the warehouse workers who were getting half of the pay of warehouse workers in the food industry, the management fired him, this gave him a new dimension to life and he decided to abort his education at the expense of helping the Union.He abandoned hi college education when he was employed as a union organizer by Harry bridges of the Congress of industrial Organization. As an organizer in the packing department he learned to be very excellent this grew his fame (Rosales, 2000) Corona gained a lot of fame and commanded lot of influence among the Mexican America workers and the undocumented workers. This he gained because his numerous efforts to recruit and support Mexicans everywhere in the United States, this was being driven by his believe that every organization needs a good, strong and steady workers unions.He continued fighting for the rights and against the mistreatment of the people who ca me from Mexico without the permission of the United States government. By 1965, he became regional organizer for the National Association of Mexican Americans. He gained a reputation for being able to influence Mexican American citizens. Becoming a member of the Northern California Democratic Campaign Committee, Corona actively supported Democratic candidates for two decades (http://findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_m1295/ )Bert Corona in his life was closely identified with the works of National Mexica n Brotherhood (Hermandad Mexicana Nacional,) , this is an organization which proved very much helpful to the immigrants, Hermandad Mexicana Nacional was focused in the organizing of the trade Unions, defending of Undocumented workers and providing social service to this same undocumented workers. Since there were very many undocumented workers who never wanted to protest against the infringement of their rights for fear of being deported.The organization gave them a base of argument and therefore sprung up to many parts including the Los Angeles. ( Rosales, 2000) The efforts and contributions of Bert Corona were well documented when he realized that most of the Mexican American workers did not know how the US law protected them he organized to them a good package on how the law protected them. He is also being remembered for his protest against some of the of the striker Immigrant laws, which wanted the employers to be responsible and liable for employing immigrants.(http://findarti cles. com/p/articles/mi_m1295/ ) Corona more than any other person, furthered the ideological struggle against the nativity and this he did during his public lectures and programs where he always preached the need of unity and oneness. One such was a meeting in which he had with students and the public where he launched the program to campaign against bills that would crack down on the hiring of illegal immigrants and to fight for humane immigration policies and practice.( http://www. ucpress. edu/books/pages/6201. php) Until his death in 2001, he was the chairman Hermandad Mexicana Nacional Los Angles Chapter and is more effort have been made towards the delivery of the Mexican American from their oppression state in the United States. He participated actively as an activist, union organizer and an educator. (http://www. ucpress. edu/books/pages/6201. php) Works Cited Francisco Arturo Rosales (2000) Testimonio: A Documentary History of theMexican American Struggle for Civil Rights: Arte Publico Press Garcio T. Mario (1994) Memories of Chicano The Life and narrative of Bert Corona. University of California Press Garcio T. Mario and Et al (1983). History Culture and Society: Chicano studies in the 1980 . Bilingual Press http://www. ucpress. edu/books/pages/6201. php Retrieved on the 16th July 2008 http://findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_m1295/is_8_65/ai_76697709 Retrieved on the 16th July 2008.

European Works Councils Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

European Works Councils - Essay Example Employers' and personnel' organizations be supposed to play an lively role at a variety of levels in order to hold up the meeting on decent work (Philippe Egger, 2003). During the not on time 19th and earlier 20th centuries manufacturing democratic system was a concept included in the ideological constituent of the manufacturing and following growth of labour actions all through Europe. In spirit and in put into practice it come about throughout and following the 2nd World War as a practical and provisional organisational agreement, which was only aiming to add to manufacture (de Grauwe, P, 2002, 693-718). This research focused on this truth that the European Works Council (EWC) Instruction in 1994 was seen as a important development inside European manufacturing family members and the result of thorough political negotiations. The query of worker contribution had forever been middle to the ambitions of the European Union's (EU) social measurement but important steps had been almost absent since the Agreement of Rome in 1957. The ultimate Directive required transnational companies (TNCs) inside the EU to expand exact organization and structures of cross-border discussion with their workers (see the foreword to this text). It responded to an continuing anxiety inside the worldwide labour group with regard to the directive of novel forms of worldwide assets. Furthermore, the long-term prospect of the deal union group, and certainly the European Commission, up-and-coming from the EWC Instruction are consequently far attainment. Investigate inside this complex area of manufacturing family members straddles the matters of financial and following meeting in the EU, the altering policies of TNCs, the moribund significance of nationwide sectoral communal bargaining preparations and the institutional and following difficulty of European trade amalgamations. Moreover, these wide areas of investigate are now life form additional explored subsequent the completion of the EWC Instruction and the tackle the new structure pretense for the European labour association. Coming to firm finished with look upon to these growths is clearly unwise at this near the beginning period (Hughes Hallett, A.J., Ma. Y., Demertzis, M, 2000, 141-55). In the '80s, a more traditional government with its alteration to the service Act 1982, supported unpaid participation rather than contribution through legislated force. In 1994, after more than a few additional commands, the EU adopted the European Works Councils Instruction require the organization of European-wide Works Council in corporations with more than 1,000 workers in service in two or additional associate states. European Work Councils The self-governing deficit in the EU has many sources; not smallest amount of which is the impotence of the European Parliament. The European Parliament is the merely body inside the Union that is in a straight line elected, and consequently the only of the institution that

Alevel chemistry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Alevel chemistry - Essay Example The forward reaction (the production of ammonia) is exothermic. According to Le Chatelier's Principle, this will be favored if you lower the temperature. The system will respond by moving the position of equilibrium to counteract this - in other words by producing more heat. In order to get as much ammonia as possible in the equilibrium mixture, you need as low a temperature as possible. The lower the temperature you use, the slower the reaction becomes. A manufacturer is trying to produce as much ammonia as possible per day. It makes no sense to try to achieve an equilibrium mixture which contains a very high proportion of ammonia if it takes several years for the reaction to reach that equilibrium. You need the gases to reach equilibrium within the very short time that they will be in contact with the catalyst in the reactor. Therefore 400 - 450C is a compromise temperature producing a reasonably high proportion of ammonia in the equilibrium mixture (even if it is only 15%), but in a very short time. According to Le Chatelier's Principle, if you increase the pressure the system will respond by favoring the reaction which produces fewer molecules. That will cause the pressure to fall again. In order to get as much ammonia as possible in the equilibrium mixture, you need as high a pressure as possible. 200 atmospheres is a high pressure. Increasing the pressure brings the molecules closer together. In this particular instance, it will increase their chances of hitting and sticking to the surface of the catalyst where they can react. The higher the pressure the better in terms of the rate of a gas reaction. 200 atmospheres is a compromise pressure chosen on economic grounds. If the pressure used is too high, the cost of generating it exceeds the price you can get for the extra ammonia produced. Catalyst: It is explained below. Q4. Catalyst (with theory about its mechanism) The catalyst has no affect whatsoever on the position of the equilibrium. Adding a catalyst doesn't produce any greater percentage of ammonia in the equilibrium mixture. Its only function is to speed up the reaction. In the

Political ideologies Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Political ideologies - Research Paper Example This essay explores the political ideologies. The word Conservatism has been used both in an ordinary way and also in technical usage. Ordinary idea is focused on conserving something or keeping something intact. While the technical use is a bit complicated. The followers of Conservatism belief that its human nature to be conservative at times, we all want to stick to our own old culture and traditions and don’t prefer a change usually. Conservative ideas, as proposed by its allies are prevalent everywhere in our life and not just politics. Liberalism is the most complicated and obscure of all ideologies. Liberalism is associated with many kinds of moral values. These values include liberty, progress, individualism, and tolerance which have been linked with liberalism since the pre-historic era. Liberalism has been linked to philosophical thoughts because of its generosity of spirit, openness, and tolerance. Political users of liberalism view it as a source of freedom of media and worldly constitution. This term was first used in Spain and then it was spread all across Europe. Socialism is derived from a Latin ‘sociare’ whose literal meaning is to share or combine. It further succeeded to fellowship or companionship. It is a consensual contract between freemen. Socialism believes in a society in which there are liberated contracting individuals and rule of law state. The idea of socialism is based upon populus (sovereignty of people). It beliefs that people have the right to decide the best for themselves and collectively they can form a well established social society. (Vincent, A. (2009) Marxism Marxism and Communism are both a mixture of theory and practice. Marxism is the theoretical approach, and Communism deals with practicing Marxism. Karl Marx was the founder of Marxism. The believers of Marxism have always linked it with sacred thoughts and sacred beliefs and with Bible. Marx formulates a sphere of life in which human beings should be aware of their activities. They should have a control over their life activities, what they do and how they do it. Human beings are so preoccupied with pity activities of their life such as endless rules and regulations and oppressive and deceitful economy that they forget the divinely attributes of life. Marxism refurbishes those concepts. (Eatwell, R., & Wright, A. (1993). Fascism The term Fascism is derived from the Latin word ‘fasces’ which means bundles of rods which are bonded together to show the unity and parity of a nation. This political concept deals with unity and how strength is derived from being united. It is taken from the Roman Empire as it used to be the custom of Roman consuls to take decisions based on harmony. Fascism has suffered bad reputation in Europe during the past decades and is not as popular as other political ideologies. (Vincent, A. (2009) Totalitarianism Totalitarian concept urges that societies and nations can be controlled via the u se of terror. They can be terrorized to follow the rules and regulations of the state. The Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, Soviet Union and also the Taliban Afghanistan in recent times have used this concept to rule their countries. It is based upon dictatorship, tyranny, using political power arbitrarily, allowing the minimal

Kate Chopin Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Kate Chopin - Research Paper Example On the rare occasion when one 'woke up' from her enforced dullness, she was either reduced in social status, ruined forever, or killed by the restrictions keeping her from remaining fully awake. These are the issues Chopin explores in her work, reminding us, even now, of the need to protect women's rights and freedoms. Awakening the Female in Kate Chopin’s Works Perhaps the greatest single characteristic of the Victorian age was its nature as an era full of strong contradictions. These contradictions are often captured in the works of female writers working during this time period. As the greater world of farm and commerce changed around them, women as a gender began to question their expected roles in society and began demanding more opportunities available for personal fulfillment. This wasn't simply a selfish desire to follow their own dreams, although this was a factor. It was also a recognition of the fact that many women found it necessary to have more options open to th em for self-support and for the greater welfare of their families. Although women throughout time had found various ways to make it on their own, it was rarely possible for them to attain both material comfort and personal independence without the interference of a man. These are issues that figure prominently in women's writing of the time, such as in the work of Kate Chopin. Within her short stories and novels, Chopin reveals deep meaning and strong feminism embedded within the text due to her careful use of perspective and imagery. Her talent enables her to ‘paint a picture’ of life as it was experienced in that moment. Her stories gain their strength by focusing on key elements of the environment in which the characters move and through the special attention she gives to just how the story should be told. Her style enables the reader to experience the various constraining forces, both material and psychological, that were experienced by women of her time and illustr ates why they would want to escape from it. These ideas are easily discovered in a comparison among some of Chopin's short stories, such as â€Å"The Story of an Hour† and "The Storm," and her novel Awakening as the women experience an awakening to their own long-hidden inner nature. The possibility that one can actually awake to a hidden inner self is the primary action of many of Chopin's works and can be easily found in her short short story "The Story of an Hour." The story begins with the introduction of a frail woman later discovered to be named Louise. Louise is sitting in her home's living room being told by her sister and a close family friend of the sudden death of her husband during a railroad accident. â€Å"She wept at once, with sudden, wild abandonment, in her sister’s arms† (Chopin 199). Following her somewhat alarming outburst, Louise closes herself in her upstairs bedroom and sits in another chair looking out the window as she considers her new position as a widow. Her feelings toward her husband are revealed in this scene to have been strangely ambivalent: â€Å"And yet she had loved him – sometimes. Often she had not. What did it matter?† (Chopin 201). The horror of her emptiness as a married woman is clearly expressed in her nearly emotionless assessment of what she’s lost in conjunction with her dawning realization that she is finally free to follow her own idea of happiness: â€Å"

Business Processes and Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business Processes and Systems - Essay Example The main objective of a marketing strategy lies in the verification of the nature, way, strength and relationship between environmental factors in specific situations and marketing mix essentials (Thompson & Strickland, 2008). A marketing strategy is developed in order to build, maintain and defend a company’s competitive edge. Operations management involves production, warehousing, purchasing, shipping, maintenance and planning. Operational strategy involves a set of directions for specific tasks and personnel. It involves getting the company through a product from point A to B. Marketing strategies deal with long-term objectives of the company while operational strategies focus on short-term ones. They are set to be achieved within a specific period. Marketing strategies are put in place so that the company can grow through competition with other companies in the same market (Phelan & Ferreia, 2002). Operational strategies, on the other hand, work depending on the set out ma rketing strategies. The strategies include such points as how to attract potential customers, how to maximize wants and how to meet customer satisfaction through efficient services. Marketing mix becomes a part of operational marketing in this way. Marketing strategies involve the optimization of marketing processes. This means that they ensure that demand of a specific product is channelled in the right direction. It involves the creation of more wants among customers, which is of course at a reasonable rate. The marketing strategies employed must not only be implemented through reasonable, sound and consistent practices. The strategies must also be dynamic and interactive. Operational strategies, when adequately implemented, get a company the most profit for the least amount of resources. The observation is that marketing strategies refer to a company’s long-term approach to positioning itself in its markets (Bhurian, Menguc, & Bell, 2007). Operational strategies refer to t he day to day approach of managing aspects such as pricing and advertisement. This, in turn, shapes the long-term direction of the company. Armed with the above information, it is possible to evaluate the relationship between marketing and operational strategies at Pars Food Limited. The company has a strategy of competitive advantage and differentiation. This means that one of its marketing strategies is quality delivery. One of their objectives is to have the capacity to serve clientele from their location, wherever it may be. The intention here is to service delivery when needed, thereby creating more wants. This will translate into steady supply and more profits. Of course, that relates well with the company’s business strategy of sustainable profit. One of the company’s operational strategies is transport sourcing within the company. This is bound to reduce the current costs of outsourcing transport. Transport is an important aspect of operations in this company a s its use is evidenced from the initial sourcing of the material to the final delivery of product to customers (Brooksbank, 2010). Delivery of service to customers wherever they may be is one of Pars Food Limited’s marketing strategies. Bearing in mind quality and consistence, it would be adequate for the company to have its own transport means for

Hochschild viewpoint Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hochschild viewpoint - Essay Example Every time an employee was lost, much money was lost in the training and recruitment of new ones. The company tried to deal with this issue by offering a variety of remedial that included the solution to balance in work and family for instance, part time and sharing of jobs. To her surprise many families preferred to work more than to be with their children and family members. Hochschild interviews like six families watching on how they operate during the day and night. She also interviews various levels of professional and is surprised by what she hears. The employees at Amerco concentrate so much at work that they forget the essentials. Hochschild as a female analyzed the enormous entry of women into the labor force. It looked fair and obvious that as women left their various homes every morning along men to their various jobs to build the economy and maintain their families as they returned from work should share the house chores which never happened. Instead, as they came from work women took to all home responsibilities. Hochschild referred to it as a double shift as women worked both at work and at home (Hochschild, Pp 15) Nevertheless, there is a superwoman who can multitask and perfect both at work and home. In the present most women are faced with the challenge of what was considered a full time works in the past generation. To make it worse, as cutting workers size has occurred, the hours of work have been added for everybody. Hochschild in her book tried to show the extent to which time is ever limited that they cannot fulfill their obligations both at home and work. Statistics show that women who have small children spend more time at work than the ones with no children. â€Å"Family values and reversed worlds† according to Hochschild tries to show how various family values have been invaded by work efficiencies and time pressures while places have turned out to be temporary homes for these

Role within this section Essay Example for Free

Role within this section Essay Discuss, in detail, how you as a performer might approach a role within this section. You will need to give details of the part that you have chosen to play and intended audience response. You will need to include reference to voice, movement, characterisation and relationships created on stage. We are looking at Scene 2, page 20 to 25, from the Governors wifes line Only essentials! Quick, open the trunks. To the end of the scene. This section contains the characters: Grusha, The Governors wife, Cook, Chef, The young woman, Adjutant, A Fat woman, Nurse, Stablemen, Simon, The third woman and the Singer. I am going to look at the Singer. Berlolt Brecht and his techniques Brecht was a very political and scientific writer he didnt agree with all of the political actions at that time. Hitler wanted to kill him after some bad publicity from Brecht so, he fled to America where he wrote this plays. He wrote parable plays to try and get a point over to the audience, each play had a different moral; he tried to change peoples minds on their political views. In order to keep the audience from getting too involved in each play, Brecht only names certain characters. Creating characters that overpower the audience is not good; it can make the audience only think about that one character. Brecht doesnt really have any one main or higher character (thinking in levels of importance and wealth) as all the focus would be put on them. He does include very powerful characters at times, i. e. the Governor, yet he dies soon after he is introduced. This also includes giving characters names. People can get too attached to a certain character if we learn too much about them. An example of this technique is shown in the following quote THE EXPERT: comrade Agronomist! THE AGRONOMIST: Last winter (Page 6, The Expert The Agronomist). Brecht doesnt directly name characters i. e. The young woman, The peasant woman. He also does not like to normally say anything about that character, history or any extra information. He tries to include as many characters as possible so you cannot become attached to them and you concentrate on the story line and the moral. In scene 1 there are 14 or 15 different characters, in scene 2, 22 characters are included. He tries to avoid long one on one confrontations and keeps on including other people here and there. (Ref. Page 20, where the Nurse interrupts the conversation between the Governors Wife and the adjutant and on page 22 when lots of characters are involved in large discussion). This makes people stop thinking about what has happened and concentrate more on what is happening right then. Brecht structures plays differently he creates each scene to portray a story, this is called episodical, people were free to walk in and out of the theatre and alcohol could be brought in. The public liked this, and that encouraged them to come to more of his plays. His main goal was to get people to think about the story line, during and after the play so another technique he had was to stop and change the tense people spoke in, Scene 2, page 13, GRUSHA: I dont understand the solider. Whats so good about it? She changes tense from 1st person to 3rd person, this distracts the audience and hopefully makes them think more carefully about what she meant by that. Brecht liked to used techniques like this to kept the audience listening he wanted them to at most ease whilst watching so they can soak in the moral of each episodic scene. I believe, the most important trick Brecht used to keep the audiences occupied was by linking each character with an object. Grusha, for example, after she became engaged to Simon, he placed a silver cross on a chain around her neck. From this moment onwards someone else can play Grusha but the audience will still know it is her character by the silver cross and chain. The Governor and his wife are portrayed by the wearing of rich garments. An example of this is when the Governors wife says Why? I must have the silver dress it cost 1000 piastres. And that one there, and all my furs.

Sequel To The Unprecedented Changing Business Environment Commerce Essay

Sequel To The Unprecedented Changing Business Environment Commerce Essay Sequel to the unprecedented changing business environment due partly to the global economic crises , rapid technological innovations, globalisation, shareholder primacy (Bratton and Wachter 2008) and several other factors, employers are driven to effect transformational changes in order to remain profitable and equally retain their competitive edge. Recently, research has suggested some different strategic ways to achieve this goal such as creating a new way to working (Thomson 2008) which explores the concept of virtual offices, stores, sales etc. thereby driving down employee expenses and other running costs. This model seemed to have worked for most organisations as evident by the growing number of organisation adopting this concept (Waddell 2010). However, Lu (2011) warns that there are traps to be careful of in adopting these transformational changes. Calif and Meyers (2011) defined virtual office as a model that eradicates customer -employee contact without compromising the originality, productivity and the image of the organisation. Tengo Ltd having adopted the internet exclusive virtual sales model since its inception in 2000, has created a call centre to address issues ranging from customer complaints, technical support, product and accessories order, to other customer/clients enquiries (Wilton 2010) since there are no office or stores to handle such complaints. This makes the call centre critical to the success of Tengo Ltd and therefore a need to employ employees with the right skills and commitment to a high standard customer service delivery. According to the case (Wilton 2010), recent review has indicated that the success stories in the past three years has caused the organisation to overstaff its call centre and this calls for an employee restructuring. The strategic decision to restructure is due to several external and internal factors that affect the delivery of Tengo services (ibid). This report critically examines the Tengo Ltd case, taking into account the external and internal factors driving the change, the leadership issues observed, employee management style and motivational issues involved in the case. 2.0 External and Internal drives for change at Tengo Ltd Changes are a part of flexible organisations with the aim of keeping their customers satisfied (Kotter and Schlesinger 2008) however, to successfully implement the changes, organisations should properly analyse why they need the changes, how they hope to effect the change and the scope of change with a well laid change management process that considers the effect of change on the employees (employee relations) (Thurley and Wirdenius 1991). 2.1 External change drivers at Tengo Ltd The use of mobile social and other communication solutions have increased over the last 10 years (Ellis and Taylor 2006) and have reached a stage where all conversations are communicated on technological devices and media; from political leaders (Obamas facebook campaign), industrial executives, disaster managers to supply chain management. The growing need to achieve results using call centres as a one-stop point of contact to resolving all its customer and supply-chain issues is one of the most important external drivers for change in the call centre industry (Avaya 2011). Tengo Ltd seems to be caught-up in the technology drive as other call centres as it has decided to invest more in its contact centre by purchasing the IVR (integrated voice response) to help improve the services of its unsatisfactory customer service. It is observed here that the investment in the new automated system that was supposed to improve the quality of service and speed up service response failed as cust omers remained dissatisfied. One good question to ask is if this is a result of the poor implementation strategy or in the organisation of work within the company. Another external driver to change is the business strategy. When businesses change their business strategies they implement the change in their operations (Wilton 2010). The most common business strategy employed by several companies and the call centre sector is cost reduction (McAfee 2011; Wilton 2010). The general belief is that if organisations reduce their employee costs against their income, it will increase the profitability of the organisation. However, cost reduction could be a tricky business strategy to implement. This is because the cost of the reduction might not outweigh the benefits hoped to derive or a total failure of the planned alternative. Tengo Ltd is focused on reducing its employee expense at the cost of employees and as seen in the case, the alternative solution not being a success. This strategy mirrors the Thurley and Wirdenius (1991) action-centred and directive strategy as it could be seem as a forced strategy that has not considered how this will affect the employees nor have a psychological contract with the affected employees but focused on deriving the implementation of both its business and technological strategies. According to Mcgregors X-theory, managers most times focus only on profitability of their firm and therefore try to enforce organisation objectives on employees even when employee dislikes the objective based on the assumption that an average employee dislikes work. However a more modern principle of change management called the triple bottom line focuses on the profit of the organisation and its trade, the people who are central to the operations of the company (employees customers) and the planet where the operation is performed (corporate social responsibilities) (Tullberg 2012). This is based on the psychological contract approach that an organisation that deals fairly with its employees and socially considers the environment where it operates will naturally be profitable. For example a company that allows flexibility and a good reward management system will have its employees contribute more and be more committed to the objectives of the company (Atkinson and Hall 2011). If the same company in consideration of its environment adopts a green initiative by eradicating paper usage in its operation and goes virtual (Calif and Meyers 2011), the company will equally by that initiative be reducing some running stationary cost thus helping the organisation to be more profitable by reducing costs and increasing productivity. This report uses the psychological contract theory to critically analyse the internal drivers for change and the changes that occurred in the firm and judge by the various theories if this change was a success. 2.2 Internal change at Tengo Ltd Internal factors like external factors have been found to drive changes (Kotter and Schlesinger 2008; Wilton 2010). 2.2.1 Job Design One of the internal changes observed at the Tengo Ltd is the change in its job design. Prior to the change, employee in the call centre had always performed variety of roles thus allowing employees to be multi-skilled and increase the fluidity of employees as they could move between different departments. According to Julia and Susanne (2012) Organisations reduce their exposure to intellectual capital risk by adopting a job rotation scheme where employees could move around cross-functionally and cross-departmentally. In contrast to this ideology, Tengo Ltd has adopted a mechanistic industrial approach similar to Taylors scientific management recommendations as a method of job design that helps increase job specification and is a good support for an automated environment (Niebel 1989). Could Tengo Ltds decision to encourage job specialisation be as a result of its complementary nature to its business strategy to reduce cost, as one of the benefits of the approach is that it helps to d ecrease training, mental overload, staffing difficulties, or because it helps to reduce errors sue to specialisation of duties? However, Salvendy (2012) highlighted several downsides to this job design approach that are more people and process related which are equally observed at Tengo Ltd. Based on the above argument, one can say that the failure of the restructuring at Tengo Ltd is due to the un-interesting process that specialisation introduces causing boredom as employees repeatedly perform the same function, and its non-communicative/non-employee involving approach to change causing dissatisfaction among employees and ultimately evidenced by a high employee turnover after the restructuring. 2.2.2 Training and Development In the recent psychological contract theories, based on the assumption that the relationship between an employee and his/her employer is that which is mutually concerned with expectation of equal input and output. One of such theories is the equity theory which states that employee have a desire to be treated fairly and equally in the workplace and that they expect to receive benefits for their input to the organisation (Allen and White 2002). Although this theory was first postulated by Stacy Adams in 1965, this theory explains the natural expectation of humans to receive equal measures for their input. One of such output or reward that employees expect is training and development opportunities within the organisation. Recent research has identified training and development programs as a core factor to employee performance (Lawler Iii 2003), with several organisations now organising in-house trainings, online training, blended learning as ways to improve on the former classroom or o n the job training that existed before now. Many companies conduct induction trainings for new recruits to understand the organisation and the functions they will be performing in the company. While others go on after the induction training to conduct specialised trainings or send their employees to off-site trainings so that the acquire new skills relevant to their industry and bring these skills to help improve performance within the company (Rowley 2000). According to him, organisations who train their employees should see them as valuable assets and thus have a plan for employee retention. Malila (2007) however warns that the absence of training opportunities within organisations may lead to skill drought. With its intention to reduce the cost for training and development programs, Tengo Ltd has exposed its organisation to the treat of skill drought as new entries might not be able to get the right training form senior employees who have not been trained themselves and this may lead to dissatisfaction. Without training and development, employees may begin to see that there is no career growth path for them within the company and given that the repetitive function approach rarely challenges them, one can suggest that this is a cause for the high employee turnover in the company. 2.2.3 Employee turnover Considering the high level of turnover experienced at Tengo Ltd, this report questions the reason for such high turnover. Can this be ascribed to the management style and work process in the organisation, or is it an industry practice within the call centre sector? According to Wilton (2010), there are two distinctive types of call centres. One is characterised by its interaction work flow model with customers described as simple, but with high targets, strict scripts and strict call handling that sees the call advisor spending more time on the phone receiving more calls than the more complex quality focused model where solving the customers problem is the key focus. This allows the call advisors to be more flexible with the scripts, create individualised interaction with the customers but receiving lesser number of calls and having no restriction on time spent with each customer. Lyndon (1993) suggests that since the flexible quality focused model allows employees to be more discret ional and are less monitored, employees derive more satisfaction with this model however call centres are mostly measured by the number of calls they receive in a period. This is one of the reasons for Tengo Ltd investing in IVRs to enable it receives more calls in the hope to increase its customer satisfaction. The turnover at Tengo Ltd is both functional (causing loss of key employees, loss of skills and failed investment) and dysfunctional (loss of unskilled employees and non-performers). It is also noteworthy to note that the strict control management style which is more Taylor oriented is applicable to the model which requires call advisors to receive more calls and is strict with the call handlings and call scripts. This type of management approach could also de-motivate employees and consequently high turnover as observed in Tengo Ltd. 3.0 Motivational Issues Given the different arguments above, there are pointers that Tengo Ltd has some motivational issues in the implementation of its restructuring. One of the issues identified at Tengo is the relatively low employee benefit, and harsh working conditions in which its employees are subjected to work compared to competing employers in the region. According to researchers, motivation is simply the reason why people put more effort into what they do in order to yield better results (Aiqiang 2009; Cooper 2004; Hennessy and McCartney 2008; Reissner 2011; Wilton 2010). According to Reissner (2011); Tullberg (2012); Wilton (2010), employees are motivated by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Intrinsic motivations is when employees are self-motivated to do or perform an activity. This is derived when there is more freedom for employees to act using their discretion, skills and thereby creating opportunities for themselves. Although hard to measure, intrinsic motivation is the key to innovative and creative thinking /leadership (ibid). The importance of extrinsic motivation should not however be neglected as this encourages employees to do more knowing that their employers are concerned with them (Wilton 2010). Few of the ways employees can be extrinsically motivated is by fulfilling their expectations in terms of monetary rewards, promotions, trainings, words of appreciation, and job security. Employees are also motivated by the level of communication between them and management in times of change. From the case, it is apparent that the organisation did not employ any communication with the employees before implementing its restructuring plan. This tends to open up the problems that might be imbedded in the change process and helps employees buy-in to the change with their respective feedbacks. 4.0 Recommendation and conclusion The intention of Tengo Ltd to restructure its organisation in order to stay competitive can be a way to ensure its sustainability however, the company has not implemented its change program with the employees in mind. The result of this implementation caused the company an increased level of employee turnover. In seeking to address the employee turnover issue Tengo must first readdress its management system especially its job design to a more motivational approach that helps to engage the interest of employees in the organisation by conducting training sessions to improve their skills. It is equally good for Tengo to consider re-introducing its job rotation model, such that the monotonous repetitive boredom caused by over specialisation will be eradicated, consider re-engineering its recruitment process to attract skilled and educated employees. More importantly focus on its employee working benefits and terms of employment such that it meets up with those of the competing call centr es in the area. In order to understand the dynamics of labour turnover, Tengo Ltd should conduct exit interviews for exiting staffs to have an understanding of reasons for the high turn-over while it remains paramount for Tengo Ltd to ensure it monitor employees emotional activity throughout the change life-cycle to eradicate any potential problems. This study has revealed the different issues encountered in the change process and possible ways to address them in order to increase employee commitment, creativity and remain competitive in the face of increasing technological demand and business changes.

The Effect of Medication on Plants

The Effect of Medication on Plants Dante Rodriguez Abstract The  Effect  of  Medication  on  Plants The purpose of this project was to find out how someone could help a plant grow by using medication instead of fertilizer. I decided to do this topic and did a lot of research. I decided to use the Kentucky Wonder Pole Plant or Phaseolusvulgaris.The Kentucky Wonder plant is a pole bean which grows upward. I also decided to test it on 4 plants. One plant with water, one with aspirin, one with an antacid, and finally one with an anti-histamine. My hypothesis was that aspirin plant would grow the tallest because of the salicylic acid. The anti-histamine plant would grow normally, because plants dont have histamine. The antacid will grow shorter because it would damage the perfect balance of water. To do this experiment I needed pots, and the three medications which were the manipulated variables. I decide to use 1OOmgs of each medication as the constant variables. I dug a hole, and put the plants in the soil. I watered them once a day, with 15 sprays from my spray bottle. Every day I would measure the plants with a em ruler. I measured in the afternoon so that the plants would get the most growth out of each day. I would mark down my results to see how the height of the plants grew which was the responding variable. I did this for a total of 14 days, or two weeks. After two weeks, I got my results and they will shock you! My results were very intriguing. They showed a strange trend in the growth of my plants. The plant with normal water sprouted first. It continued to be the tallest plant until about day 12. At day 13 the anti-histamine plant surpassed the height of the regular water plant with a final height of 36.5 em. Before that the anti-histamine water was close but did not surpass the height of the regular water that had a total height of 33 em. Then came the aspirin water plant at 29 em. Finally the shortest plant was the antacid at 26 em. The results to my project was surprising. It proved, and disproved my hypothesis. It proved my hypothesis because the antacid grew the smallest. It did this because the Ph of the antacid plant was 6 which is not neutral. Unexpectedly, the aspirin plant didnt grow very well. I believe that this happened due to the fact that aspirin has a trace amount of salicylic acid. Therefore to have an effect you would need about 487mg or about one and a half, high dose aspirin. However what stumped me was why the anti ­ histamine plant grew the largest. I couldnt find any links between anti-histamine, and  the plants. Mainly because plants dont have histamine. If I had to do this project again,  I would attempt different dosages of the medication. Introduction Plants are everywhere. Chances are you even have a plant in your house. They grow everywhere, from the arid desert to the frigid reaches of the North Pole. Now they are even growing in the zero-gravity environment of the international space center. They have even been around longer than us! However it wasnt until 1771 when a British man named Joseph Priestley, discovered that plants gave off oxygen. This was an amazing _ scientific achievement. Now plants served an even better purpose than food. Due to these factors plants are critical to the survival of the human race. One issue is that they take a long time to mature. What if there was a common household medication that could help these creatures grow? After that moment I decided that I would use this for a science fair topic. I decided I would use plants, and 3 different types of medications. Research After choosing this topic I had to make a difficult decision. That decision was what type of plant I would use. To choose which plant I needed to factor in how much sun it needed, when is it in season, and how soon until it would sprout. After that I decided the best plant to use was the bean plant. Then I had another decision, what type? The choice was easy between the bush, and the pole bean. This was because the pole bean was easier to measure then the bush bean. Pole  Bean  plant  Bush  Bean  plant Then I needed to choose which medication to put in the plants. The first medicine I chose was aspirin. Aspirin has many components, one of which is salicylic acid. Salicylic acid is a chemical in plants that involves the growth of plants, and their development. With that information, I decided that would be one my first medications. The next one I chose was an antacid. I chose this because if a plant gets water to acidic it could cause deficiencies. Therefore I tried to see what would happen if I used an antacid. The final medicine I chose was an anti-histamine. Hypothesis After all the research my hypothesis is that the plant with the Aspirin will grow the best, due to the salicylic acid. The antacid plant wont grow as well due to the fact that the Ph of plants water will become alkaline instead of neutral. Also that the anti- histamine plant will grow normally because plants dont have histamine. Materials 4- 6 plant pots 1- Bag of gardening soil 1- Bag of Kentucky Wonder Pole Beans 4- 32. oz. spray bottles 100 mg- aspirin, antacid, anti-histamine Filtered water A em ruler for measuring plants A laptop or notebook (for writing down heights) A sunny area (To place plants) Variables Manipulated Variable: The medicine in the water of the plants Responding Variable: The height of the plant, the healthiness of the plants, and the greenness of the plant Constant Variables: Pot size, water spay amount, dirt type, seed type, location of plant, and the amount of milligrams. Procedure 1. Fill spray bottles with 19 oz. of filtered water 2. Place 100 mgs of medication into separate bottles 3. Let medication dissolve for about 24 hours 4. Fill all 4 pots with dirt 5. Dig hole about 1 deep into the dirt in each of the pots 6. Place a seed in the hole 7. Cover up the plants with a thin layer of dirt 8. Water the plants with 15 sprays daily 9. Measure each of the plants daily, with centimeter ruler 10. Keep track of their heights in a notebook, or a laptop Results The results of my experiment were very interesting, and surprising. They approved, and disproved my hypothesis. Here were my results: .:o 3 Aboveisa chartwiththeheightsofallmyplants He ight of Bean Plants in CmBean Plant Growth Day 13 Day14 33 34 27.5 29 24 24 35 36.5 0 25 20ANl 1> 10 c; 0 Day 1 Cav 2 ::>a> 3 D 1 4 ::: J> c Ddy Day ID y 0 v 9Day Day >ay.JV D y 1011121114 Reg  ·, lt r -Regâ‚ ¬Ã‚ ¢ r . rer-AsroA tl d1c;JS3S LineGraphofPlantHeightBarGraphofPlantHeight My results are displayed above. They show a strange trend in the growth of my plants. The plant with normal water sprouted first. It continued to be the tallest plant until 1 about day 12. At day 128J the anti-histamine plant surpassed the height of the regular water with a final height of 36.5 em. Before that the anti-histamine water was close but did not surpass the height of the regular water that had a total height of 33 em. The third tallest plant was the aspirin water plant at 29 em. Finally the shortest plant was the antacid 26 em. Plants  After  being  potted                                                                           Plants  at  end  of  experiment Conclusion The results to my project was surprising. It proved and disproved my hypothesis. It proved my hypothesis because the antacid grew the smallest It did this because the Ph of the antacid plant was 6 which is not neutral. Neutral is what the plants need which is at number 7 on the Ph scale. Just to make sure there was nothing wrong with my water, I tested the Ph of my tap water, and came out at 7. Unexpectedly, the aspirin plant didnt grow very well. I believe that this happened due to the fact that aspirin has a trace amount of salicylic acid. Therefore to have an effect you would need about 487mg or about one and a half, high dose aspirin. However what stumped me was why the  anti-histamine plant grew the largest. I couldnt find any links between anti-histamine, and the plants. Mainly because plants dont have histamine. If I had to do this project again, I would attempt different dosages of the medications.         

The Character of Marek Shimerda in My Antonia :: My Antonia Essays

The Character of Marek Shimerda in My Antonia      Ã‚  Ã‚   In Willa Cather's novel, My Antonia, Marek Shimerda is starved for attention because he is constantly ignored due to his mental retardation. It is solely because of his handicap and the assumption of his inability to help out with the farming and household chores that his family views him as helpless which results in Marek's strange and awkward actions. He is presented as an ill minded young man throughout the novel, repeatedly excused, and resides in the shadow of his healthy, fully functional older brother, Ambrosh Shimerda.    Marek is a token character that is simply taken for granted. He is portrayed as strange and useless. When Jim Burden and his family first meet the Bohemians, he is approached by Marek, the second eldest son. "As he approached us, he began to make uncouth noises, and held up his hands to show us his fingers, which were webbed to the first knuckle, like a duck's foot. When he saw me draw back, he began to crow delightedly" (Cather, 24). Everyone who encounters this poor boy instantly views him as `crazy'. All of his actions are presented as strange. "The crazy boy, seeing the food, began to make soft, gurgling noises and stroked his stomach" (Cather, 60), and evidently he is. "The crazy boy went with them [outside], because he did not feel the cold. I believed he felt the cold as much as any one else, but he liked to be thought insensible to it. He was always coveting distinction, poor Marek" (Cather, 82)!    Because of everyone's inability to understand and relate to Marek, he is pitied and constantly excused. After Jim`s reaction to Marek`s webbed fingers, Marek begins to express himself, maybe even trying to communicate with what could be a new friend, but he is immediately quieted. ""Hoo, hoo-hoo, hoo-hoo!" like a rooster. His mother scowled and said sternly, "Marek!" then spoke rapidly to Krajiek in Bohemian. "She wants me to tell you he won't hurt anybody, Mrs. Burden. He was born like that..." No one bothers to befriend this young man or even tries to talk to him throughout the entire book. Although he is obviously mentally challenged, it is not evident that any one of the characters in Cather's novel tries to reach out to this young man or teach him to be a helpful resource around the Shimerdas' household.

Instilling A Childs Values :: essays research papers

Instilling a Child's Values   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Some people think that a child learns only by what his or her parents teach them, while others believe that a child is born with a set of values. In actuality, a child's values are mostly determined by the things they are taught by their parents. As parents, couples have many responsibilities toward their child; the most important responsibility is teaching them good values and judgement. A parent should behave as though they would want their child to behave, give them justifiable discipline, and, at the same time, let the child be their own person.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As a child is growing up, he spends a very large part of his life with his parents. A child learns by seeing what his parents do and mimicking it, so a parent's job is very crucial to a child's acquisition of good morals. A parent must show the child the virtues of good judgement by using good judgement in their own life. If a child witnesses an unethical act performed by his parents, he will think that it is okay. The fact is that children who didn't have good parents, generally, don't grow up into very respectable adults. The old saying goes: â€Å"Monkey see, monkey do.† It may sound like a cheap cliche, but there is a lot of truth to it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  While raising a child, a parent might find that sometimes the child is not learning the morals that the parent is trying to instill in their child. In that case, a parent should discipline him. Discipline shows the importance of values in a whole different way. When a child is punished for something he or she did that was wrong, he or she learns not to do it in fear of being punished, but after a while the child accepts the given value for what it is. Punishment can be done several ways. Some deny their child of something such as: food, fun, attention, or television shows with gigantic, purple dinosaurs. Other parents discipline in a more physical way: spanking. Some believe spanking a child is wrong, but as long as it doesn't get out of hand, it is last resort to getting a point across. Good discipline can turn a animal-like child into a respectable, ethical person.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Kids always yearn for freedom, and that is why a parent must be careful with how he teaches values. If a child is pushed too far and too hard, he may rebel the values entirely or may lose his identity. Though the parents have the obligation of instilling their child's morals, they must trust their child at

Macbeth Newspaper Essay

One way Jewett dramatizes the character of the young girls adventure is by using personification. Jewett uses personification. Personification gives human qualities to objects as a way of describing them to strengthen the description. In the story A White Heron Jewett uses personification when she says â€Å"There was the huge tree asleep yet in the paling moonlight. † Jewett here is showing the tree as a peaceful tree sleeping under the moonlight. â€Å"It must truly have been amazed. † This is when Jewett is trying to show how the tree is amazed by Sylvia and from that point it started to help her. â€Å"It felt this determined spark of human spirit. † This is when Jewett is showing that the tree felt a spark of human spirit. â€Å"And the tree stood still and frowned away the winds. † This was when Jewett was trying to show that the tree frowned away the winds and did not want the wind to make Sylvia’s journey hard for her. â€Å"The old pine must have loved his new dependent. † This is when Jewett is showing that the old pine tree now has helped Sylvia to the top and actually loves his new dependent (Sylvia). Another way Jewett dramatizes the character of the young girls adventure is by using Diction. Diction is the author’s word choice. It is very important because it strengthens the description of something or someone. In The White Heron Jewett it helps contrast between the huge tree and the small girl. Words that was used to describe Sylvia in the story was â€Å"little,† â€Å"small,† â€Å"clumsy,† â€Å"bare feet,† â€Å"weak creature† and â€Å"Harmless housebreaker. † All of these are words chosen by Jewett that describes the character of Sylvia. It strengthens the characterization of Sylvia. Those words mostly are showing that Sylvia is weak and small. She is a small girl that goes on a journey that leads her to becoming a young adult. Also words such as â€Å"determined,† â€Å"daring,† spark† and â€Å"dazzle† shows that Sylvia is determined and is daring herself to climb the â€Å"huge† tree. Jewett also uses words to describe the tree. Words such as â€Å"huge,† â€Å"strong,† â€Å"old pine,† â€Å"sturdy,† â€Å"monstrous ladder† and â€Å"great main mast† to describe the tree. This is showing that the tree is very powerful. These two are exactly opposite when Jewett describes them using word choice and diction. For example she says the girl is â€Å"small† and the tree is â€Å"huge,† she is â€Å"weak† and the tree is â€Å"strong† so there is a contrast between them. Contrasting diction and word choices contrasts the Sylvia’s personality and the tree’s.

“Little Buddha” †A Summary and Review Essay

Little Buddha starts with a Buddhist monk, Lama Norbu, going to Seattle in search of Jesse Conrad, a boy who Lama Norbu believes may be the reincarnation of Lama Norbus old teacher, Lama Dorje. Lama Norbu and his fellow monks find Jesse and his family, and after an awkward first meeting gives Jesse a book called Little Buddha, which is read to him over the course of the movie to teach him the history and basic points of Buddhism. We get to watch what is being read to Jesse, so there is a movie of Buddha inside a movie of Buddhism. Jesse starts making trips to the Monastery to learn more about the monks and their practice. During his time in the monastery, Lama Norbu reads parts of the book to Jesse. We learn about the birth of Siddhartha Gautama as a prince who was destined by the stars to be great. We learn how his father sheltered him from everything that had the potential to disturb him, and how he finally, when he was a teenager, discovered suffering, poverty, old age, and death. We learn about how he left the palace with a goal to end suffering, and how he became an ascetic. Finally, after hearing a man telling his music pupil about how the string of an instrument has to be in the middle ground between being to tight and snapping and being too loose to play, Siddhartha realizes that the path to enlightenment lies in the Middle Way, or whatever the middle ground is between any two extremes. Jesse is very interested in Buddhism, and Lama Norbu convinces Jesses dad, Dean Conrad, to let Jesse make a trip to meet the other candidates for being the reincarnation of Lama Dorje, and then go to Bhutan for the decision of who it actually is. Jesses mother objects, but gives in after a very emotional scene and Dean, Jesse and Lama Norbu all fly together to Katmandu, where Jesse finds Raju, an awesome little guy who happens to be the second candidate for being the reincarnation of Lama Dorje. Raju asks to play Jesses gameboy, and after Rajus brother steals the gameboy and Raju gets it back, he and Jesse get along very well. The monks think that it is remarkable that the two candidates somehow managed to find each other without knowing who the other one was. After this they fly to India to meet Gita, an upper-class Indian girl. The third candidate comes off a bit conceited and boastful and the beginning, but they all seem to get along afterwards. It is at Gitas place where they find a tree much like the one Siddhartha Gautama meditated under to reach his enlightenment. Here Lama Norbu tells them the story of Siddharthas meditation, and how Mara, an evil  being of temptation and malice (much like Satan) tried to stop Siddhartha from reaching enlightenment. This is where all the good special effects come in. After all of his distractions fail, Siddhartha Gautama reaches enlightenment and becomes The Buddha. After this scene, we emerge from the Buddha tale and Lama Norbu and the rest fly to Bhutan, where Lama Norbu informs them that they are all partly the reincarnation of Lama Dorje. Lama Norbu, finally having completed his task, reveals that he is unhealthy, and he soon, after meditating for a very long time, passes away. Analysis:Little Buddha begins with Lama Norbu telling the apprentice monks at the monastery a story. The story teaches of the cycle of reincarnation, and the ultimate goal of being relieved from this cycle. The story also states that No human being needs ever to sacrifice another animal. This exhibits one of the main principles of Buddhism. Buddhists are generally vegetarian, and dont believe in killing other animals. The movie also teaches of the practice of meditation. Lama Norbu describes it to Jesse on the plane to Katmandu: It is being totally quiet and relaxed, separating yourself from everything around you, setting your mind free like a bird, and you can then see your thoughts as if they were passing clouds. Buddhists are also supposed to detach themselves from worldly connections, which is why they destroy the intricate sand murals that they create as soon as they are completed. Lama Norbu also tells Jesses father at the end that he is not a good example of Buddhist detachment because of his dedicated search for the reincarnation(s) of his teacher (obviously because of his love for Lama Dorje). The primary character who most exemplifies Buddhist philosophies is, despite the fact that he is not good at detachment, Lama Norbu. He is the old, wise one in the movie, and, not having any background on any of the young monks depicted in the movie, the obvious choice for best Buddhist. Lama Norbu is exceptionally good at meditating, too. When he was dying, he meditated for many days on end. I would definitely recommend Little Buddha to anyone interested in learning more about religion, or Buddhism in particular. Although the movie covers  most of Buddhas life and most of the main characteristic of Buddhism, is manages to avoid seeming educational. I would not recommend Little Buddha to anyone addicted to constant action, suspense, or romance, because this movie contains very little of any of them. This movie is all about the emotion the interactions, the learning, and the maturing of every character. Every one in the story gets introduced to a culture not familiar to them during the course of the film, and some characters, like Jesse, get absorbed into entirely new lifestyles. The movie is artwork at a very fine level much attention to detail is present, and the entertainment is all in the details. Little Buddha is the perfect nightmare movie for all people too shallow to comprehend it, all people so shallow as to think it slow, and all people too imperceptive or unfo cused to catch the subtle nuances of its characters interactions. I was very interested in the very prominent cinematic techniques used in Little Buddha. Usually, when one is watching a movie, one can forget that it is a movie because the cinematic techniques are planned to be subtle, as to not be noticed. Only film making aficionados usually pay special attention to cinematics. I could not help but notice though, that all of the sad scenes of the movie were displayed with a very blue tint, and the scene in the hot, eastern desert was displayed with a red tint. The directors of this movie were obviously not trying to make your average, run of the mill movie. They were trying to create a cinematic masterpiece. By using these prominent cinematic techniques, they were daring to make a controversial film. Every time an artist steps out of the lines, it is considered controversial. Controversial pieces of art always seem to follow one of four paths: 1: They are argued about, then forgotten; 2: They are argued about, then rejected; 3: They are argued about forever; and 4: They are argued about, and then become famous masterpieces. If you want to create a famous work of art, you have to step outside of the lines, you have to be creative, you have to dare to be controversial, and then you have to hope that people will appreciate what youve done. That is what I believe the makers of Little Buddha were trying to do. Little Buddha was an educational film that displayed thought and emotion  throughout, and gave the viewer a look at the inside of Buddhism. It was displayed in a way that taught more than a textbook paragraph ever could, with likeable characters, (for the most part) realistic character interaction, and the intention of spreading knowledge of Buddhism and possible Buddhism itself to anyone who is willing to spend two hours of their time on something well worth their while. Bibliography: Little Buddha, (Directed by Bernardo Bertolucci) 2004

In Cold Blood – the court case

Defendant of clutters: In today's case a young girl, named Susan, tells a story of how an innocent, well known family get murdered. In this plea for justice she describes the Clutter family as respectful, social and family oriented. The individual characters are described in a way that makes the jury feel the connection between them as a family , however the case also involves two individuals without whom we would not be here today- the murderers, Perry and Dick. If we compare the mannerisms in which the inspector (who examined the case) talks about the family and these two we acknowledge that Perry and dick are seen very negatively and given the label, killers! Whereas he talks about the clutters as though they were his family which then forces the jury to feel a connection to them and thus distance from the offenders; Perry and Dick. Firstly let's talk about the man of the family, Herb Clutter; a respected man among his society. Herb is recognised as a wealthy and successful man who earned his wealth and status rather than being given it. Being a family man meant that his family also respected him a lot, they would never dare to talk back to him. Mr Clutter was a perfectionist; he was brilliant at every task he dealt with making sure he worked to his full potential. In addition to his hard working attitude he was also a very social man; ‘his name was everywhere' suggesting he was widely known in his society. Moreover he was a good employer who never exploited his employees. Herb Clutter was a man of dignity and truth he never lied and he always stuck to the rules; ‘laws were laws'. Additionally he was an intellectual man who ‘majored in agriculture'. Knowing all this just makes the act of murdering him all the more sinister, suggesting that he was shown injustice and that the two responsible for the crime should pay the consequences. Later on the barrister mentions Herb's wife, Bonnie Clutter. He uses this member as a minor detail in the case; bonnie is not seen or thought of as very important in the story thus not mentioned as much. However when she is mentioned, she is described as a weak and unhealthy person -completely opposite to her husband. Your honour if we now take a look at herb clutter's wife's medical report we find that Bonnie Clutter suffers from depression which affects her health in many ways. She is also very timid and reclusive. Bonnie is a very different character to Herb as she is very unhealthy, both mentally and physically; ‘on and off psychiatric patient' as quoted by a valid source suggesting her constant illness. Being ill majority of the time does not help the fact that she may not be totally sane; ‘Do you like tiny things? , this question is not something that a mentally stable person would ask, also her tone of saying it would make her sound mentally unstable. Now what I would like to ask off mr. hickock and his ally is what pleasure did they gain room killing such a fragile thing? What enjoyment could they possibly have felt in committing the sin? Now your honour I would like to introduce you to a very special young lady, someone who wanted happiness, someone who helped everyone, someone who was inspiration to the town of Holcombe, someone who died a horrible death and that someone who is vital to this case†¦. Nancy Clutter, the daughter of Herb and Bonnie Clutter. We are told that Nancy is a 16yearold teenager who undergoes more responsibilities than an average teenage girl. She was pretty and likeable shown by the views of the citizens of Holcombe; ‘town darling' and ‘pretty girl'. Nancy made it her responsibility to cook for the family and too help the society as much as she could. Also she did all this willingly, ‘would have willingly'. As mature as Nancy was she was very respectful of her father, she would obey his every command and never talk back to him. Overall Nancy is seen as a very efficient and accomplished young lady who was never vain and hence i asked the question what did she do to deserve such torture? Let's not forget just before killing the innocent teenage girl the offender Mr. hickock had wanted to rape her. Luckily he was stopped but imagine the pain this girl must have endure having two strangers in her home causing harm to all the people she loved the most. This girl was only in her teens and her life ended their for her. Nancy clutter had so much potential and so much to give to the world, yet she wasn't even given the chance. This was all down to two killers with a greed for money and wealth and they are among us today†¦ Perry and Dick! Perry smith is proved to have a mind of a criminal; his desire for money suggests a certain criminal quality and his skill to be continually self aware allows him to be very manipulative. Consequently increasing the similarities between him and a criminal. There is no doubt that Perry committed this crime. Many have described him as a natural killer- without conscience. Perry is a short man- under the average height of a man of his age. Thus may feel the need to try harder to feel the characteristics of a man. Also Perry is an achoholic which totally goes against the one thing that Herb clutter would not endure. In addition Perry is a dreamer and has also been involved with the police in the past which suggests a huge contrast to herb as he would never go against the law. perry was seen to have said ‘ Cost me 30 bucks' which is clear evidence of his materialistic view and his love /desire for money. Nevertheless if we look closely at something that has been said regarding Perry,' a dictionary buff' we recognise that wishes to be intelligent and so he reads the dictionary in order for him to seem smart using complex vocabulary. However he does not show this through his actions. At a young age Perry also could not, for whatever reason, educate and this left him feeling neglected and unworthy, this maybe the reason for his life of crime but it does not excuse what he has done. If he wished to educate then he could have done other things to accomplish something with life, he had no excuse to lead the life he has. The last character Truman introduces is Perry's partner in the murder of the Clutters, Perry Hickock. Although this character may not be as successful as Herb Clutter, he was more accomplished than Perry. Dick was a 28 year old mechanic, who came from a descent background; he had been married and divorced twice and had three sons. Dick is created as more humorous and quick-witted than Perry- with more life in him. Truman Capote introduced this character to seem less devious than Perry; he did not seem like a criminal from his introduction. Although he was still distanced from the reader as the reader wanted to emphasise the death of the Clutters later in the book. He wanted the readers to form a pleasant view of the Clutter family before they died for the scene to seem more dramatic and to get the readers to sympathise more for the victims. The author of this book, Truman Capote, introduced the scenes , the characters and a little bit of the story in a way that allowed the reader to form a link ,whether it be negative of positive, between them and that of the characters.

Relative Reactivity of Alkyl Halides

Relative Reactivity of Alkyl Halides Introduction Nucleophilic substitution of alkyl halides can proceed by two different mechanisms – the SN2 and the SN1. The purpose of the experiment was to identify the effects that the alkyl group and the halide-leaving group have on the rates of SN1 reactions, and the effect that the solvent has on the rates of SN1 and SN2 reactions. The SN1 mechanism is a two-step nucleophilic substitution, or unimolecular displacement. In the first step of the mechanism, the carbon-halogen bond breaks and the halide ion leaving group leaves in a slow, rate-determining step to form a carbocation intermediate.The carbocation intermediate is then immediately detained by the weak nucleophile in a fast, second step to give the product. A solution of ethanol with some silver nitrate may be added provided the weak nucleophile – the alcohol. If an SN1 reaction occurs, the alkyl halide will dissociate to form a carbocation, which will then react with the ethanol to form an ether. Since there is not a strong nucleophile present, the cleavage of the carbon-halogen bond is encouraged by the formation and precipitation of silver bromide.The halide ion will combine with a silver ion from the silver nitrate to form a silver halide precipitate, which will advise that a reaction has occurred. + AgBr + NO3- Figure 1: The SN1 mechanism of 2-bromo-2-methylpropane and silver nitrate. The nucleophile would have been ethanol while the silver nitrate would have disassociated to form a silver halide precipitate. The more stable the carbocation, the quicker the reaction. Therefore, SN1 reactions desire tertiary substrates most, followed by secondary, and lastly primary.Because the strength of the nucleophile is unimportant, an ionizing solvent is needed. Water is the best solvent, followed by methanol, ethanol, propanol, and lastly acetone. In experiment two, the tertiary 2-bromo-2-methylpropane was the most favored reactant followed by the secondar y 2-bromobutane, the primary 1-bromobutane, and the primary 1-chlorobutane. This order is determined by whether the molecule is primary, secondary, or tertiary. 2-bromo-2-methlypropane + AgNO3 + (CH3)2CO AgBr + ethyl-t-butylether + isobutylene Figure 2: The SN2 mechanism of 2-bromo-2-methlypropane with AgNO3 in (CH3)2CO.The SN2 reaction mechanism is a one-step, bimolecular displacement in which the bond-breaking and bond-making processes occur simultaneously. The SN2 reaction requires a strong nucleophile. The order of reactivity is the opposite of the SN1 reaction because the nucleophile must attack from the back, and is favored with the least steric hindrance. The halide attached to a primary carbon is easier to attack from the back. In experiment one, the 1-chlorobutane was the most favored reactant followed by the primary 1-bromobutane, the secondary 2-bromobutane, and the tertiary 2-bromo-2-methylpropane.This order is determined by whether the molecule is primary, secondary, or tertiary. â€Å"SN2 reactions are particularly sensitive to steric factors, since they are greatly retarded by steric hindrance (crowding) at the site of reaction. In general, the order of reactivity of alkyl halides in SN2 reactions is: methyl > 1 ° > 2 °. The 3 ° alkyl halides are so crowded that they do not generally react by an SN2 mechanism. †1 1-chlorobutane and NaI-acetone ——> 1-iodobutane + NaCl (precipitate) In general, weaker bases make better leaving groups.SN1 and SN2 reactions show the same trends, but SN1 is more sensitive. The reactants favored in the SN2 mechanism are the opposite of the SN1 reaction. the primary 1-chlorobutane was most favored, followed by the primary 1-bromobutane, the secondary 2-bromobutane, and tertiary 2-bromo-2-methylpropane. Table 1: Table of Reagents with molecular weight, density, melting point, and boiling point. Name| Molecular Weight (g/mol)| Density (M/V)| Melting point ( °C)| Boiling point ( °C)| 2-bromo -2-methylpropane| 137. 02 g/mol| 1. 22 g mL? 1 | -16  Ã‚ °C| 73 °C| 2-bromobutane| 137. 02 g/mol| 1. 55 g mL? 1| -113 °C| 91 °C| 1-bromobutane| 137. 02 g/mol| 1. 2676 g mL? 1| -112  Ã‚ °C| 99-103 °C| 1-chlorobutane| 92. 57 g mol? 1| 0. 89 g/mL | -123. 1  Ã‚ °C| 78 °C| NaI| 149. 89 g/mol| 3. 67 g/cm3| 661  Ã‚ °C| 1304  Ã‚ °C| AgNO3| 169. 87 g mol? 1| 5. 35 g/cm3| 212  Ã‚ °C| 444  Ã‚ °C| Methanol| 32. 04 g mol? 1| 0. 7918 g/cm3| -97. 6  Ã‚ °C| 64. 7  Ã‚ °C| Ethanol| 46. 07 g mol? 1| 0. 789 g/cm3 | ? 114  Ã‚ °C| 78. 37  Ã‚ °C| Propanol| 60. 10 g mol? 1| . 803 g/mL| -126  Ã‚ °C| 97-98  Ã‚ °C| Acetone| 58. 08 g mol? 1| 0. 791 g cm? 3| -93  Ã‚ °C| 56-57  Ã‚ °C,| NaOH| 39. 9971 g mol-1| 2. 13 g/cm3| 318  Ã‚ °C| 1388  Ã‚ °C| Phenolphthalein| 318. 2 g mol? 1| 1. 277 g cm? 3| 260  °C| NA| Experimental For part A, four clean test tubes were acquired and numbered 1-4. Five drops of each of the following reagents were added to the test tubes in numer ical order: 2-bromo-2-methylpropane, 2-bromobutane, 1-bromobutane, 1-chlorobutane. Twenty drops of NaI in acetone were added to each test tube, the time of the first drop was recorded, and the tubes were mixed. The exact time of the first sign of cloudiness in each test tube was noted. The exact time of the first sign of precipitation was noted.If no reaction occurred within five minutes, the test tube was placed in a warm water bath. No color change was observed, only a change in cloudiness of the solutions. For part B, the test tubes were rinsed with ethanol and then the same amount of each alkyl halide was placed into each test tube. Twenty drops of silver nitrate in ethanol was added to each of the four test tubes, and the exact time that the first drop was added to each test tube was noted. The exact time of the first sign of cloudiness in each test tube was noted. The exact time of the first sign of precipitation was noted.If no reaction occurred within five minutes, the test tube was placed in a warm water bath. No color change was observed, only a change in cloudiness of the solutions. For part C, four clean test tubes were acquired and numbered 1-4. 1 mL of 1:1 methanol and water was added to the first test tube; 1mL of 1:1 mixture of ethanol/water was added to the second test tube; 1mL of 1:1 mixture of 1-propanol/water was added the the third test tube; and 1 mL of 1:1 mixture of acetone/water was added to the fourth test tube. Three drops of . 5M NaOH and three drops of 1% phenolphthalein were added to each test tube.Three drops of 2-bromo-2-methylpropane were added to each test tube, and the exact time that the first drop was added to each tube was noted. The tubes were swirled, and the disappearance of the pink color was observed. The final color of each solution was yellow. Results Table 2: Reaction times pertaining to SN2 reactions, SN1 reactions, and the solvent effects on SN1 reactions. Part A (SN2 reaction with NaI)| Time in seconds| 2-bromo -2-methylpropane| 97 seconds| 2-bromobutane| 95 seconds | 1-bromobutane| 71 seconds| 1-chlorobutane| 86. 7 seconds|Part B (SN1 reaction with AgNO3 in ethanol)| Time in seconds| 2-bromo-2-methylpropane| 34. 6 seconds| 2-bromobutane| 49 seconds| 1-bromobutane| 80 seconds| 1-chlorobutane| 905 seconds| Part C (Solvent effects on SN1 reaction with. 5M NaOH and phenolphthalein)| Time in seconds| Methanol/water 1:1| 129 seconds| Ethanol/water 1:1| 97 seconds| Propanol/water 1:1| 93 seconds| Acetone/water 1:1| 90 seconds| Discussion In experiment A, the results followed the trend hypothesized for SN1 reactions in the introduction. The primaries finished first, followed by secondary, and lastly tertiary.The primary 1-bromobutane completed first, followed by the primary 1-chlorobutane. The secondary 2-bromobutane completed third, and the tertiary 2-bromo-2-methylpropane finished last. The 1-bromobutane finished before the 1-chlorobutane because bromine was a better leaving group than chlorine . This is because bromine is bigger and less electronegative than chlorine. Therefore the bromine did not form as tight of bonds with carbon as chlorine, and could more easily leave the group. In experiment B, the results followed the trend hypothesized for SN2 reactions in the introduction.The tertiary finished first, followed by secondary, followed by the primaries. 1-bromo-1-methylpropane finished first because of its tertiary nature. The secondary 2-bromobutane finished second. The primary 1-bromobutane finished third, followed by primary 1-chlorobutane. The rate-limiting formation of the carbocation decided this pattern. The 1-bromobutane finished before the 1-chlorobutane because bromine was a better leaving group than chlorine. In experiment C, the results did not follow the trend hypothesized for the solvent effects on the SN1 reaction.Methanol should have finished first, then ethanol, then propanol, and lastly acetone. The results were the exact opposite; acetone finished f irst, then propanol, then ethanol, and lastly methanol. The boiling points of the solutions were responsible for this result. The bottles containing the solutions must have been left open for a prolonged period of time before use to allow evaporation. The acetone, propanol, and ethanol must have been mainly water, and thus finished earlier than methanol. The first error pertained to experiment C. The results were backwards, and had to have been due to the boiling points of the solutions.The solutions that evaporated the most before the experiment finished quickest because of the ratio of water to the specific solution. The error could have been corrected by remaking the solutions before lab. The second error pertained to experiment B. The experiment was performed twice because the test tubes were not washed with ethanol between uses. The use of water to wash the test tubes sped up the reactions because water was the best solvent for the SN1 reactions. The use of ethanol to wash the test tubes had little effect on the rate of the reactions because it was the third best solvent after water and methanol.Conclusion The purpose of the experiment was to identify the effects that the alkyl group and the halide leaving group had on the rates of SN1 and SN2 reactions, and the effect that the solvent had on the rates of SN1 reaction. The purpose was achieved because the tertiary alkyl group sped up the SN1 reaction most, while the primary alkyl group sped up the SN2 reaction most. The effect of the halide-leaving group was established because bromine was bigger and less electronegative than chlorine, which allowed bromine to leave the group sooner than chlorine due to the less strong bonds of bromine.The solvents’ effect on the rates of the SN1 reaction was due to the encouragement of the cleavage of the carbon-halogen bond, instead of the use of a strong nucleophile. An improvement for the experiment would have been to mix the solvents just before lab to reduce the amount of solvent that boiled off at room temperature. More accurate measurements such as 1 mL measured in the graduated cylinder would have been more precise and consistent than the addition of a specific number of drops. References The SN2 Reaction. University of Texas Educational Website. 11 September 2012. Web. 1 March 2013. http://iverson. cm. utexas. edu/courses/old/310N/spring2008/ReactMoviesFl05%20/SN2text. html Questions 1. What would be the major product if 1-bromo-3-chloropropane was to react with NaI in acetone? Explain. 1-iodo-3-chloropropane would be the major product. This substitution reaction works best for primary alkyl halides. The bromide ion is a better leaving group than chloride ion. 2. In the reaction of 1-chlorobutane with CN-, the reaction rate is increased by the addition of catalytic amount of NaI. Explain the result. The I- ion replaces the Cl to form 1-iodobutane.The iodo group is a better leaving group than the chloro group and hence the reaction g oes faster. 3. What would be the major product if 1,4-dibromo-4-methylpentane was allowed to react with: a. ) One equivalent of NaI in acetone? Iodide is a strong nucleophile but a weak base, so SN2 is the preferred reaction. Only the bromine on C1 is eligible to undergo SN2, so it will be replaced by iodide. b. ) One equivalent of silver nitrate in ethanol? Silver ion tends to receive a halide ion and leave a carbocation, which means E1 and SN1. If there's only one equivalent, then the tertiary bromide on C4 is the one that will go.The resulting carbocation can give: E1 products 5-Br-2-Me-2-pentene (major, trisubstituted) and 5-Br-2-Me-1-pentene (minor, disubstituted). SN1 product 5-bromo-2-ethoxy-2-methylpentane. 4. What causes the color change in part C? The formation of the acid after the addition of the base NaOH and an acid-base indicator may be visibly observed when the reaction has completed. As the reaction proceeds, for every molecule of alcohol produced, there is one mole cule of acid produced as well. This means that as the reaction proceeds the acid begins to neutralize the base, once enough product and

Do you think O'Connor's story has anything to offer a reader who has Essay

Do you think O'Connor's story has anything to offer a reader who has no religious faith and why - Essay Example As the title of the story implies, the story revolves around the definition of good man. In the story, the grandmother makes indiscriminate use of the label â€Å"good†. As the story goes on, the definition of a good man from her perspective becomes so subjective, that it almost entirely loses its meaning. First, the grandmother applies this label to Red Sammy upon hearing the complaint of people’s untrustworthiness from him. The grandmother considers Red Sammy a good man because he trusted the strangers. This implies that a good man can be defined as someone who has blind faith. While this incident in the story exclusively happens in context of the worldly matters, yet it may make an atheist think whether he is not a good man because he does not have a blind faith in God because God has to be believed in without having a vision of Him. God is to be believed in without being seen. However, since the goodness or the blind faith of Red Sammy leads him to regret, an atheist might feel reassured that it is better not to believe than to believe if he considers God just another entity like the entity of a man. To realize that blind faith in people is different from blind faith in God, and that people might not be trustworthy but God is, an atheist needs to think about the purpose of creation, and where people come from and where they go after death. The Misfit has a genuine bafflement for the religion. Many atheists also feel the same. While the grandmother has blind but weak faith in religion, her religious beliefs like Jesus raising the dead by the grace of God are challenged by the Misfit. He gives a deep consideration to how he should or should not follow such beliefs. The Misfit has lived his life considering religion pointless. If there is any religion that he follows, it is meanness since that is the only pleasure he finds in life. Here, the atheists might identify

Sustainable Filmless Packaging and Alternate Packaging Solutions Essay

Sustainable Filmless Packaging and Alternate Packaging Solutions - Essay Example Aside from the simplified supply chain, the merging of the two technologies also lessened the productions costs through the printing of cartons in a single pass only. Carbon emissions are also lessened because of having just one printing press instead of two, and the transferring of the cartons from area to another is eliminated. And due to the new coating technology, the cartons can be printed on-demand, thus, eliminating long wait periods. The quality of the colors and metallic sheen are not put into risk because the new coating technology contains aluminum flakes that give of a bright shine for the toothpaste’s packaging. Added to that is the more sustainable attributes that the new coating has. The Packaging Digest Magazine has provided vast and quality information regarding the latest trends in sustainable packaging. The information regarding Aquafresh is the latest in sustainable packaging technology discussed in the online magazine and can be the technology to be followed. This technology is only a start of such sustainable packaging innovations and can be applied not only to cartons but hopefully to other packaging materials, as well. In the midst of the conventional packaging solutions prevalent in the markets today, alternative packaging solutions have been gaining recognition in sustainable packaging designs. Such solutions use biodegradable paper or discarded agricultural products that could easily be composted or reused. One example of such alternative packaging solutions is the carton used by Cargo Cosmetics in their lipsticks products. The carton is made of biodegradable paper embedded with real wildflower seeds.  

The Abolition Movement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Abolition Movement - Essay Example The start of the American Abolitionist Movement happened in 1831 when William Lloyd Garrison began circulating the abolitionist newspaper Liberator, which promoted the instant abolition of slavery, and the full equal rights for all African-Americans (Ottawa Citizen, 2006). After sometime, the American Abolitionist Movement disintegrated into different factions because the members and the leaders within the movement had different outlooks on the best way or best means on how to achieve their main goal. Garrison and his followers continued to uphold the abolition of slavery via moral persuasion emphasizing that slavery is not proper and immediate release of all slaves must be done (emancipation). Such methods gained support from the Baptist, Methodist and Presbyterian anti-slavery movements; and in the legislative reforms of the government (Ottawa Citizen, 2006). However, the other more fanatic factions of the movement perceived that violence was the only way to accomplish the instant abolition of slavery (Ottawa Citizen, 2006); but the steps taken to implement such tactics failed. It is the same for The American Colonization Society and the UNIA by Marcus Garvey, from 1820 – 1830, who simultaneously suggested that returning to Africa was a better option than emancipation because black people will have a hard time establishing their rights in the United States.

Anthropology of humor and laughter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Anthropology of humor and laughter - Essay Example People belonging to different cultures consider something appropriate for laughter in accordance with their cultures. From a social perspective, humor is a positive emotion of an individual, which is elicited in different social contexts and is demonstrated by different vocal and facial behaviors of laughter. Canned jokes, funny utterances, funny expressions, and spontaneous witticisms are some of the main forms of humor (Martin 29). Psychological functions of humor bring various cognitive and social benefits for the humans. Some of the most significant benefits of humor include increased social interactions, help in relieving the tensions and stress, and help in regulating the emotions. In the past couple of decades, the overall concept regarding laughter has shifted from something being viewed as socially inappropriate to being perceived as socially desirable and healthy for the mind (Martin 29). The sense of humor acts as the main source of laughter for any individual. Although th e sense of humor has a number of psychological and social benefits, the mainstream psychology still needs to pay some more attention to this aspect of human behavior. Works Cited Martin, Rod. The Psychology of Humor: An Integrative Approach. Burlington, MA: Elsevier Academic Press, 2007.